2024年02月27日
第07版:大健康·口腔 PDF版

掉牙就會減壽?談?wù)勅毖赖亩嘀匚:?/h2>

作者簡介:單國建,擁有近30年臨床工作經(jīng)驗,曾于省內(nèi)外多家醫(yī)院任口腔科主任,擅長疑難全口牙齒美學(xué)修復(fù)、疑難活動牙齒修復(fù)、生物功能性吸附性全口(半口)義齒制作、疑難阻生牙齒的拔除、牙周病的診斷及治療等。

單國建查看患者的牙片。

“長期缺牙身體免疫力會下降”“嚴重缺牙者可比正常人少活5年~10年”……關(guān)于牙齒缺失危害的傳言有很多,哪些是正確的?牙齒缺失后又該怎么辦?本期,周口德正醫(yī)院醫(yī)生單國建就來講解一下牙齒缺失的危害及補救措施。

缺失一顆牙 可能毀掉一口牙

很多老年人覺得,缺幾顆牙齒是非常正常的事情,牙齒脫落一兩顆不必理會,等牙齒全脫落了再鑲滿口假牙也不遲。然而,牙齒缺失后,咀嚼的任務(wù)就落到了其他牙齒身上,同時由于缺牙空隙的存在,鄰近的牙齒也失去了約束和依靠,這都會大大增加余牙的負擔(dān)。當(dāng)余留牙齒數(shù)量較少時,由于它們承擔(dān)了過大的咬合力量,將會造成牙槽骨快速喪失,使其他牙齒松動甚至脫落。缺牙時間越長、數(shù)目越多,對余留牙齒的影響將會越大。

此外,牙齒缺失后,咀嚼功能會變差,其影響程度與缺牙的部位及數(shù)量有關(guān)。前牙缺失會影響咬斷食物,后牙缺失會影響磨碎食物。咀嚼功能降低以后,未經(jīng)充分研磨、搗碎的食物將直接進入胃腸道,這將大大增加消化系統(tǒng)的負擔(dān),還會影響到營養(yǎng)成分的吸收,長期如此,甚至可能引發(fā)消化系統(tǒng)疾病。另外,如果全部牙缺失,嘴唇就難以做到有力閉合,吞咽食物也會變得費力。

人的壽命長短與牙齒沒有直接關(guān)系,但有間接關(guān)系。如果一個人有良好的咀嚼功能,食物就會被很好地運輸,五臟就會得到滋養(yǎng)。因此,與牙齒不好的人相比,牙齒好的人相對會活得更長。此外,牙齒脫落后,食物更容易殘留在牙齒間隙,造成口臭、齲齒、牙周病等,進而影響人體的免疫力。

牙齒缺失的修復(fù)方法

目前,牙齒缺失有3種修復(fù)方法:活動義齒、固定義齒、種植牙。

活動義齒,又稱可摘義齒或活動假牙,是患者可自行摘戴的一種修復(fù)體?;顒蛹傺乐饕揽拷饘巽^子和假牙基托固定在口腔中,若金屬鉤子和假牙基托太松,會戴不牢,容易脫落;太緊則又不易取下來,導(dǎo)致難以清洗?;顒恿x齒戴久了,基牙還會疼痛,導(dǎo)致基牙發(fā)炎,因此,活動假牙使用5年后,即使表面完好無損,也必須去醫(yī)院檢查是否需要更換。

固定義齒就是老百姓常說的烤瓷牙,也是最常見且使用最多的牙體修復(fù)手段,它以缺牙兩側(cè)的健康牙為基牙,把鄰牙磨小,好像橋墩一樣,抬起中間的缺牙,起到固位作用。修復(fù)完后的牙齒需要依靠鄰近牙齒才能夠進行咀嚼動作。固定義齒最大的缺點是需要打磨兩邊的健康牙齒。

種植牙就是將種植體植入牙槽骨上,種植體和牙槽骨緊密結(jié)合以后,就像真牙扎根于口腔一樣,原理與真牙相似,咀嚼壓力可通過人工牙根,直接傳遞至患者的牙槽組織,恢復(fù)真牙般的咀嚼功能。

缺幾顆牙是否就要補幾顆牙

很多人認為,缺一顆牙齒就需要補一顆假牙,那如果口中的28顆牙齒都缺失了,是不是要補28顆假牙?其實,具體補幾顆牙需要根據(jù)患者的牙齒具體情況而定。

以種植牙為例,種植牙由3個部分組成:種植體是埋入牙槽骨的部分,相當(dāng)于原生牙的牙根;平時肉眼看到的部分叫作牙冠;種植體和牙冠是用基臺連接在一起的。

如果患者缺失了單顆牙齒,缺哪顆補種哪顆就可以了,不會損害其他健康牙齒。

如果患者缺失了3顆牙齒,若3顆牙正好位置相鄰,那么一般建議種植2顆種植體即可,種植體搭配3個牙冠。如果患者缺失的牙齒位置不連續(xù),就只能缺幾顆牙種植幾顆牙。

如果患者是半口或全口牙齒缺失,只需要種植少量種植體即可。目前最常見的種植技術(shù)叫作“All-on-4”,即在患者的上頜和下頜各種植4顆種植體,搭配和缺失牙齒數(shù)量一致的牙冠。

如何保護牙齒

1.用溫水刷牙

人們刷牙前,應(yīng)將刷頭浸泡在35度左右的溫水中1分鐘~3分鐘,使刷毛柔軟有彈性,減少刷毛對牙齒的摩擦損耗和對牙齦的刺激損傷。

2.吃富含維生素C的護齒食物

缺乏維生素C會導(dǎo)致牙齦腫脹、出血和牙齦炎癥,甚至可能引發(fā)牙周病,所以人們一定要多吃富含維生素C的護齒食物。綠葉蔬菜、橙子、檸檬等都含有多種微量元素和豐富的維生素C,作為護齒食品人們應(yīng)經(jīng)常食用,必要時可服用維生素C片。

3.每半年洗一次牙

人們長期吸煙喝酒會造成牙齒表面沉積大量的牙菌斑、黑色素和牙垢。由于吸煙、飲酒和飲食不當(dāng)?shù)仍颍行愿菀谆佳乐懿?。建議人們每半年到一年洗一次牙,平時要監(jiān)測自己的牙齒健康狀況,做到有問題早發(fā)現(xiàn)、早治療。(周口德正醫(yī)院 單國建)

2024-02-27 2 2 周口晚報 content_227849.html 1 掉牙就會減壽?談?wù)勅毖赖亩嘀匚:?/title> /enpproperty--> </td></tr> </table> <footer> <div class="friendship-link"> <p>感谢您访问我们的网站,您可能还对以下资源感兴趣:</p> <a href="http://www.hotmeol.com/" title="免费观看的国产精品">免费观看的国产精品</a> <div class="friend-links"> <a href="http://www.fmcontact.com/">国产AV露脸久久</a> <a href="http://www.ocvideopro.com/">免费一级欧美片在线观看网站</a> <a href="http://www.nftduty.com/">芒果av免费在线观看</a> <a href="http://www.hotmeol.com/">激性欧美激情在线</a> </div> </div> </footer> <script> (function(){ var bp = document.createElement('script'); var curProtocol = window.location.protocol.split(':')[0]; if (curProtocol === 'https') { bp.src = 'https://zz.bdstatic.com/linksubmit/push.js'; } else { bp.src = 'http://push.zhanzhang.baidu.com/push.js'; } var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(bp, s); })(); </script> </body><div id="bhucg" class="pl_css_ganrao" style="display: none;"><ul id="bhucg"><dd id="bhucg"><ruby id="bhucg"><menu 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